Kommunális szilárd hulladékégető pernyéje

Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Department of Applied Biotechnology and Food Science, Environmental Microbiology and Biotechnology Group

Organisation/Data provider's nameBudapest University of Technology and Economics, Department of Applied Biotechnology and Food Science, Environmental Microbiology and Biotechnology Group
Name of contact
Dr. Molnár Mónika, Dr. Feigl Viktória
Telephone/fax
+36-1-4632347
Denomination of the waste or by-productKommunális szilárd hulladékégető pernyéje
Denomination of the waste or by-product in English
Municipal soild waste incineration flyash
Type of the waste or by-product data-sheet
General characterization
Functional characterisation
Hazardous waste from power industry
EWC code of waste
  • 19 WASTES FROM WASTE MANAGEMENT FACILITIES, OFF-SITE WASTE WATER TREATMENT PLANTS AND THE PREPARATION OF WATER INTENDED FOR HUMAN CONSUMPTION AND WATER FOR INDUSTRIAL USE
  • 19 01 wastes from incineration or pyrolysis of waste
  • 19 01 13* fly ash containing dangerous substances
Consistency of the waste or by-product
Solid
Description of the waste generating technology

A pernye a hulladékok elégetésekor keletkező, az elektrofilterekben vagy mechanikai porleválsztókban (pl. ciklonokban) leválasztott porszerű égetési maradványanyag.

Any special characteristics of the waste or by-product

A pernyét a füstgáztisztítás szilárd maradékaival együtt jelenleg vagy eredeti állapotban ártalmatlanítják veszélyes hulladéklerakón, vagy valamilyen beágyazási, rendszerint cementalapú, illetve meszes-pernyés – módszerrel előkezelve, műszaki védelemmel ellátott nem veszélyes hulladéklerakó helyeken helyezik el. [http://www.kvvm.hu/szakmai/hulladekgazd/oktatas/szakmaifuzetek/5.PDF]

Is it a hazardous waste?
yes
Generated annual tonnage
50-70000 t
Dumped tonnage
50-70000 t
Characterisation of the waste as a chemical substance
Mixture of chemical substances
Chemical substance, Main group|Chemical substance, Subgroup
  • Other inorganic chemical compounds
  • chlorine/chloride
Is the contained chemical substance main component, component or contaminant of the waste or by-products / biochar?
Main component
Concentration of the chemical in the waste or by-product / biochar
10000 mg/l
Chemical substance, Main group|Chemical substance, Subgroup
  • Other inorganic chemical compounds
  • calcium
Is the contained chemical substance main component, component or contaminant of the waste or by-products / biochar?
Main component
Concentration of the chemical in the waste or by-product / biochar
10000 mg/l
Chemical substance, Main group|Chemical substance, Subgroup
  • Other inorganic chemical compounds
  • sodium
Is the contained chemical substance main component, component or contaminant of the waste or by-products / biochar?
Main component
Concentration of the chemical in the waste or by-product / biochar
10000 mg/l
Chemical substance, Main group|Chemical substance, Subgroup
  • Other inorganic chemical compounds
  • potassium
Is the contained chemical substance main component, component or contaminant of the waste or by-products / biochar?
Main component
Concentration of the chemical in the waste or by-product / biochar
10000 mg/l
Chemical substance, Main group|Chemical substance, Subgroup
  • Metals, semi-metals and their compounds
  • lead
Is the contained chemical substance main component, component or contaminant of the waste or by-products / biochar?
Main component
Concentration of the chemical in the waste or by-product / biochar
10000 mg/l
Chemical substance, Main group|Chemical substance, Subgroup
  • Metals, semi-metals and their compounds
  • zinc
Is the contained chemical substance main component, component or contaminant of the waste or by-products / biochar?
Main component
Concentration of the chemical in the waste or by-product / biochar
5050 mg/l
Chemical substance, Main group|Chemical substance, Subgroup
  • Other inorganic chemical compounds
  • sulphate
Is the contained chemical substance main component, component or contaminant of the waste or by-products / biochar?
Main component
Concentration of the chemical in the waste or by-product / biochar
5050 mg/l
Chemical substance, Main group|Chemical substance, Subgroup
  • Metals, semi-metals and their compounds
  • copper
Is the contained chemical substance main component, component or contaminant of the waste or by-products / biochar?
Component
Concentration of the chemical in the waste or by-product / biochar
50.5 mg/l
Chemical substance, Main group|Chemical substance, Subgroup
  • Metals, semi-metals and their compounds
  • cadmium
Is the contained chemical substance main component, component or contaminant of the waste or by-products / biochar?
Component
Concentration of the chemical in the waste or by-product / biochar
50.5 mg/l
Chemical substance, Main group|Chemical substance, Subgroup
  • Metals, semi-metals and their compounds
  • chromium
Is the contained chemical substance main component, component or contaminant of the waste or by-products / biochar?
Component
Concentration of the chemical in the waste or by-product / biochar
50.5 mg/l
Chemical substance, Main group|Chemical substance, Subgroup
  • Metals, semi-metals and their compounds
  • molybdenum
Is the contained chemical substance main component, component or contaminant of the waste or by-products / biochar?
Component
Concentration of the chemical in the waste or by-product / biochar
50.5 mg/l
Chemical substance, Main group|Chemical substance, Subgroup
  • Metals, semi-metals and their compounds
  • arsenic
Is the contained chemical substance main component, component or contaminant of the waste or by-products / biochar?
Component
Concentration of the chemical in the waste or by-product / biochar
50 mg/l
Chemical substance, Main group|Chemical substance, Subgroup
  • Metals, semi-metals and their compounds
  • mercury
Is the contained chemical substance main component, component or contaminant of the waste or by-products / biochar?
Component
Concentration of the chemical in the waste or by-product / biochar
0.01 mg/l
Chemical substance, Main group|Chemical substance, Subgroup
  • Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH) and other polycyclic aromatic compounds
  • PAH (all)
Is the contained chemical substance main component, component or contaminant of the waste or by-products / biochar?
Contaminant
Chemical substance, Main group|Chemical substance, Subgroup
  • Polychloro dibenzo-dioxines and dibenzo-furanes(PCDD/F)
  • PCDD/F (all)
Is the contained chemical substance main component, component or contaminant of the waste or by-products / biochar?
Contaminant
Name of the waste/by-product
Kommunális szilárd hulladékégető pernyéje
Components of the waste/by-product

Szélsőséges tulajdonság jellemezi, abszorpciós képessége miatt ként, fluoridokat,
kloridokat és nehézfémeket (ólom, cink, kadmium, ón, stb.) tartalmazhat néhány tized százaléktól néhány százalékig. [http://www.kvvm.hu/szakmai/hulladekgazd/oktatas/szakmaifuzetek/5.PDF]

Other characteristics of the waste/by-product

Veszélyes hulladékként kell kezelni. Környezetbe kerülve a pernye toxikus elemtartalma kioldódhat a környezeti elemekbe, melyekben feldúsulva fejti ki toxikus hatását az ökoszisztémára. A káros anyagok (PAH, PCDD, PCDF vegyületek, illékony fémvegyületek) zömét tartalmazó pernye környezetkárosító hatása
minimalizálható beágyazással, reduktív közegű termikus-katalitikus lebontással
és savas extrakcióval. [http://www.kvvm.hu/szakmai/hulladekgazd/oktatas/szakmaifuzetek/5.PDF]

Ignition loss (LOI) (%)
3-5
Homogeneity
Homogeneous
Pozzolan activity
yes
Other

Szemcsméret: 2–120µm
Magas vízoldható-anyag tartalom: 8-35%
Ásványtani összetevők: SiO2, K2Al2Si2O8·3.8H2O, AlCl3·4Al(OH)3·4H2O, Ca3Si2O7, Ca9Si6O21·H2O, Ca2SiO4·0.35H2O és CaCl2 (1)
Kémiai összetétel: CaO:30.2%, SiO2:39.2%, Al2O3:16.1%, K2O:4.2%, Na2O:3.8%, Fe2O3:4.2%, MgO:2.3% (1)
(1) Zhang Haiying, Zhao Youcai, Qi Jingyu (2011) Utilization of municipal solid waste incineration (MSWI) fly ash in ceramic brick: Product characterization and environmental toxicity, Waste Management, Volume 31, Issue 2, Pages 331–341

Is this waste or by-product being utilised?
Yes
Utilisation

Cementgyártás (2,4), útépítés (1,4), tégla- és kerámiagyártás (3,4), iszap szilárdítás és benne található nehézfémek stabilizálása (fizikai)(4,5), Szilárd hulladéklerakók ideiglenes letakarása (4,6), szintetikus zeolitgyártásra (4,7), mezőgazdaságban tápanyagpótlásra (4,8)

References on utilisation

(1) Vegasa, J.A. Ibañeza, J.T. San Joséa, A. Urzelaia (2007.) Construction demolition wastes, Waelz slag and MSWI bottom ash: A comparative technical analysis as material for road construction, Waste Management, Volume 28, Issue 3, 2008, Pages 565–574
(2) Kai Wua, Huisheng Shia, Xiaolu Guoa (2010.) Utilization of municipal solid waste incineration flyash for sulfoaluminate cement clinker production, Waste Management, Volume 31, Issues 9–10, September–October 2011, Pages 2001–2008
(3) Zhang Haiying, Zhao Youcai, Qi Jingyu (2011) Utilization of municipal solid waste incineration (MSWI) fly ash in ceramic brick: Product characterization and environmental toxicity, Waste Management, Volume 31, Issue 2, Pages 331–341
(4)Charles H. K. Lam, Alvin W. M. Ip, John Patrick Barford and Gordon McKay (2010) Use of Incineration MSW Ash: A Review, Sustainability 22, 1943-1968; doi:10.3390/su2071943 (5) Qian, G.; Cao Y.; Chui, P.; Tay, J. Utilization of MSWI fly ash for stabilization/solidification of industrial waste sludge. J. Hazard. Mater. 2006, 129, 274-281. (6) Lo, H.M.; Liu, M.H. et al Biostabilization assessment of MSW co-disposed with MSWI fly ash in anaerobic bioreactors. J. Hazard. Mater. 2009, 162, 1233-1242. (7) Miyake, M.; Tamura, C.; Matsuda, M. Resource recovery of waste incineration fly ash: Synthesis of zeolites A and P. J. Am. Ceram. Soc. 2002, 85, 1873-1875. (8) Rosen, C.J.et al Swiss chard and alfalfa responses to soils amended with municipal solid waste incinerator ash: Growth and elemental composition. J. Agric. Food Chem. 1994, 42, 1361-1368.

Hazard characteristics
Not classified
Ecotoxic (H14)
Measured harmful effects
Yes
If harmful effect was measured, please, specify what was measured, which method was used, who did the measurement, and what was the result

Vibrio fischeri teszt (a pernye csurgaléka gátolta a fényemissziót)
Jing-Dong Chou, Ming-Yen Wey, Hsiu-Hao Liang, Shih-Hsien Chan (2009) Biotoxicity evaluation of fly ash and bottom ash from different municipal solid waste incinerators. Journal of hazardous materials 168(1):197-202. DOI:10.1016/j.jhazmat.

Suspected harmful effects

Csurgaléka toxikus úgy a vízi, mint a talaj-ökoszisztémára

Would it be suitable for soil reclamation in general?
Yes
Justification, references

Rosen, C.J.et al Swiss chard and alfalfa responses to soils amended with municipal solid waste incinerator ash: Growth and elemental composition. J. Agric. Food Chem. 1994, 42, 1361-1368.

Would it supply nitrogen, phosphorous and/or potassium to the soil?
Yes
Justification, references

K, P, N
Rosen, C.J.et al Swiss chard and alfalfa responses to soils amended with municipal solid waste incinerator ash: Growth and elemental composition. J. Agric. Food Chem. 1994, 42, 1361-1368.

Would it supply mesoelements (Ca, Cl, Fe, Mg, Na, S, Si) to the soil?
Yes
Justification, references

Na, Ca, Si
Rosen, C.J.et al Swiss chard and alfalfa responses to soils amended with municipal solid waste incinerator ash: Growth and elemental composition. J. Agric. Food Chem. 1994, 42, 1361-1368.

Would it supply microelements (B, Co, Cu, Mn, Mo, Zn, V) to the soil?
Yes
Justification, references

Cu, Zn
Rosen, C.J.et al Swiss chard and alfalfa responses to soils amended with municipal solid waste incinerator ash: Growth and elemental composition. J. Agric. Food Chem. 1994, 42, 1361-1368.

Would it provide sufficient amounts of special nutrients to the soil?
Yes
Justification, references

Rosen, C.J.et al Swiss chard and alfalfa responses to soils amended with municipal solid waste incinerator ash: Growth and elemental composition. J. Agric. Food Chem. 1994, 42, 1361-1368.

Would it increase the humus/organic matter content of the soil?
No
Would it suffice as a main component of growing media?
No
Would it suffice as an additive to growing media?
Yes
Justification, references

Rosen, C.J.et al Swiss chard and alfalfa responses to soils amended with municipal solid waste incinerator ash: Growth and elemental composition. J. Agric. Food Chem. 1994, 42, 1361-1368.

Would it improve the structure of compacted soil and/or contribute to soil crumb formation of poorly structured soils?
No information
Justification, references

Puzzolán tulajdonságai miatt nem valószínű

Would it be suitable for physical stabilisation and/or texture improvement of loose, quagmire soils?
Yes
Justification, references

Puzzolán tulajdonságai miatt

Would it be suitable for amending sandy soils?
No information
Would it be suitable for erosion prevention?
Yes
Would it be suitable for amending acidic soils?
Yes
Justification, references

5-10% tömeg %-ban adagolva.
Wang T, Liu T, Sun C. (2008) Application of MSWI fly ash on acid soil and its effect on the environment. Waste Manag. 2008;28(10):1977-82

Would it be suitable for amending saline and sodic soils?
No information
Would it reduce the mobility and availability of the contaminants?
Yes
Justification, references

Wang T, Liu T, Sun C. (2008) Application of MSWI fly ash on acid soil and its effect on the environment. Waste Manag. 2008;28(10):1977-82

Would it intensify the mobility, availability of the contaminants?
No information
Would it intensify physical, chemical, and/or biological degradation and decomposition of contaminants?
No information
Would it be suitable for production of geotechnical elements?
Yes
Justification, references

Puzzolán-aktivitás és szilikáttartalom miatt felszín alatti résfal, izoláció készíthető belőle. Használják szilárd hulladéklerakók ideiglenes letakarására (1)
(1) Lo, H.M.; Liu, M.H. et al Biostabilization assessment of MSW co-disposed with MSWI fly ash in anaerobic bioreactors. J. Hazard. Mater. 2009, 162, 1233-1242.

Risks associated with potential utilisation in soil

Keletkezésének körülményei miatt a pernyében dúsulnak fel legjobban a ként, fluoridokat, kloridokat és nehézfémeket (ólom, cink, kadmium, ón, stb.) tartalmazó, valamint PAH, PCDD, PCDF.-et tartalmazó vegyületek és az illékony fémvegyületek, emiatt általánosan elfogadott, hogy 10%-nál nagyobb koncentrációban talajba keverve toxikus hatású lehet.

Datasheet id (original)
1249
Creator
Böröndi Tamás
Status
Verified
Adatlap típusaWaste / by-product survey
Létrehozás
Módosítás